Surface enhanced Raman scattering and surface enhanced fluorescence phenomena are the result of resonance excitation of localized surface plasmons in nanoparticles of some metals. By appropriate choice of the shape and size of metallic nanoparticles, the kind of adsorbed molecules and the wavelength of the exciting light, it is possible to achieve enhancement of the intensity of Raman scattering equal to 10¹²-10¹⁴. This means that only some molecules inside the exciting light beam are sufficient to record the Raman spectrum. Electromagnetic and chemical mechanisms of enhancement of Raman scattered light and methods of roughness investigation of surfaces exhibiting this promising phenomenon are described in this paper.

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